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Malassezia globosa and Malassezia restricta are commonly isolated from patients with SD/D. 5 β-Endorphin also affects lipogenesis of long-chain fatty acids and pigmentation. The β-endorphin activation modulates immunological and chemical activity of the skin. 4 The nerve endings, keratinocytes, sebocytes, and melanocytes contain β-endorphin μ-opioid receptors.
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3 The β-endorphin present in skin of dog with dermatoses stimulates phospholipase production from M. Malassezia pachydermatis isolated from lesional areas of dogs produces higher amount of phospholipase compared to those isolated from non-lesional area. 2 Among these enzymes, phospholipases are considered as a virulent factor. 1 Various lipolytic enzymes, including lipase, esterase, phospholipase, and lysophospholipase, produced by Malassezia species help in the utilization of essential fatty acids from exogenous lipid sources. The fungi are unable to synthesize myristic acid, an essential fatty acid required for its growth. Malassezia species are known to cause seborrhoeic dermatitis/dandruff (SD/D) in humans. Malassezia, dandruff, phospholipase activity, β-endorphin Introduction restricta from patients may differ from those of healthy humans. 0004) phospholipase activity compared to the healthy control isolates. Moreover, after β-endorphin exposure the patient isolates had significantly higher ( P =. 001), which did not occur in isolates from healthy controls. In isolates from patients, the phospholipase activity significantly increased after exposure to β-endorphin ( M.
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Free fatty acid was measured by a colorimetry method. Phospholipase activity was quantified based on its ability to hydrolyze L-α-phosphatidylcholine dimyristoyl (phospholipid substrate). Malassezia isolates (five each of the two species from patients and healthy controls) were grown on modified Dixon's agar with or without 100 nmol/L β-endorphin. The present study compares the influence of β-endorphin on Malassezia globosa and Malassezia restricta isolated from patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis/dandruff (SD/D) and healthy controls. The role of β-endorphin in Malassezia infection in humans is not well studied. Β-Endorphin is known to stimulate phospholipase production by Malassezia pachydermatis during canine dermatoses.